Endometrial Cancer
Endometrial Cancer is a malignancy that originates from the lining of the womb (uterus). It is the most common cancer of the female reproductive system. Each year, more than 2000 women are diagnosed with endometrial cancer. It typically affects women who are post-menopausal, however younger women may also be affected, especially in the presence of risk factors.
Symptoms
Ninety percent of endometrial cancers are associated with post-menopausal vaginal bleeding or spotting. Abnormal menstrual cycles in women before menopause may also indicate endometrial cancer. It is not common to experience symptoms other than bleeding. More advanced disease shows more obvious symptoms or signs that can be identified on a physical examination.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of endometrial cancer is made first by a physical examination and dilation and curettage (removal of endometrial tissue under a general anaesthetic; D&C). This tissue is then examined histologically for characteristics of cancer. If cancer is found, medical imaging is required to assess whether the cancer has spread or invaded surrounding tissues.
Treatment
The gold standard of treatment of endometrial cancer is usually surgery, with removal of the uterus (hysterectomy), fallopian tubes and ovaries. The lymph glands in the pelvis may also need to be removed. Whenever possible, Dr Amy Tang performs this surgery using the keyhole approach (laparoscopy), which has the benefits of a faster recovery, shorter hospital stay, less post-operative pain, and a better cosmetic result.
